The number of global languages fluctuates each year — as of 2021, linguists recorded 7,151 actively spoken languages. But one dialect that has gone uncounted is the only language we can all decipher without a translator: baby talk. That’s because parental prattle using a softer tone and more rhythmic inflection — also called “parentese” — is believed to exist across nearly every spoken language. Recently, Music Lab researchers, now part of Yale’s Haskins Laboratories, set out to determine if caregivers of all backgrounds alter their speech when talking to babies. They recorded more than 1,600 parent-baby interactions across 18 languages and six continents, including urban, rural, and hunter-gatherer societies. The results showed that adults communicating with infants modified their voices and speech patterns in the same high-pitched, sing-songy way, transcending culture or language. What’s more, over 51,000 adults who listened to the recordings were able to correctly distinguish if the speakers were talking to babies or adults around 70% of the time — even when the listener spoke a different language.
Parentese once had a reputation as silly, but some scientists believe that baby talk — at least the kind using real words, if delivered in an exaggerated tone — may have evolved as a tool to help babies and parents bond while teaching language skills. High-pitched sounds catch a baby’s attention, and stretched vowel sounds help them process and replicate new words. Using repetitive phrases, which can be annoying to anyone who’s outgrown diapers, is credited with helping babies memorize words and establish an early vocabulary. Recent research into baby talk’s benefits encourages parents to chit-chat with their infants from the start — young brains grow at a staggering speed, up to 55% of their final size in just the first three months after birth.
Media Release/Interesting Facts
